DECEMBER BIRTHSTONE TURQUOISE: Its Magic & History

Origin of December Birthstone Turquoise

Birthstones are gemstones popularly associated with the months of the year, and often believed to bring good luck, health and protection to those born in their respective months. For December, the birthstone is turquoise.

The recognition of turquoise as the December gem has roots in Polish and Russian traditions. These cultures incorporated turquoise into their birthstone calendars as the gem of the last month.

Although lost in Europe from the 15th to 20th century, this tradition came back in the United States in 1912, when the American National Jewelers Association (now known as Jewelers of America) released a standardized list of birthstones with turquoise for December.

Since then, turquoise continues to enjoy popularity as the December birthstone.

Physical Characteristics of December Birthstone Turquoise

The physical properties of December birthstone turquoise contribute to its appeal and use in jewelry and decorative arts.

1. Color

Turquoise ranges in color from sky blue to greenish blue, often with veins or mottled patterns known as matrix, which are remnants of the host rock.

2. Composition

Turquoise is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum.

3. Hardness

Measuring 5 to 6 on the Mohs scale, turquoise is relatively soft compared to other gemstones.

4. Crystal System

Turquoise forms in triclinic crystals, whose faces have no symmetry. However, instead of distinct crystals, turquoise usually occurs in massive or nodular forms.

5. Luster

Turquoise exhibits a waxy to sub-vitreous luster, falling short of giving a glass-like shine.

6. Transparency

Turquoise is typically opaque, though rare specimens can be semi-translucent.

Popular Cuts for December Birthstone Turquoise

To best showcase its vibrant color and unique matrix patterns, turquoise acquires one of several popular shapes.

1. Cabochon

The most common cut for turquoise is the cabochon, a smooth, rounded shape without facets. This cut emphasizes the stone’s color, as well as any matrix patterns.

2. Beads

Turquoise beads are popular in jewelry, particularly in necklaces, bracelets and earrings. Whether round, oval or barrel-shaped, these beads highlight turquoise’s color and patterns.

3. Freeform

Freeform cuts can follow the natural shape of the turquoise, thus creating unique designs. This style highlights the natural stones’ individuality.

4. Inlay

Turquoise is frequently used in inlay jewelry, where pieces of the stone are set into a base metal or other material. This technique is common in Native American accessories, particularly rings, bracelets and belt buckles.

5. Heishi

Heishi necklaces and bracelets consist in thin, disk-shaped beads strung together. This traditional form is especially popular in Native American jewelry.

Historical Use of December Birthstone Turquoise

Throughout history, turquoise has enjoyed appreciation for its beauty and mystical properties, making it a gemstone of cultural and spiritual importance across various civilizations.

1. Ancient Egypt

Turquoise was highly valued in ancient Egypt. Pharaohs adorned themselves with turquoise jewelry. The iconic burial mask of King Tutankhamun, in particular, features the use of turquoise. To the ancients, this stone signified protection.

2. Native American Cultures

Turquoise holds deep spiritual and cultural significance in various Native American tribes, particularly the Navajo, Zuni and Hopi. Believed to bring good fortune, protection and healing, turquoise appears in jewelry, amulets and ceremonial items. The stone is often inlaid in silver and featured prominently in necklaces, rings and belts.

3. Mesoamerican Civilizations

The Aztecs and Maya valued turquoise, and used the vibrantly colored stone in mosaics, masks and jewelry. Often associated with gods and royalty, turquoise was a symbol of spiritual connection and power.

4. Persian or Iranian Empire

Known as firouzeh in Persian, turquoise was extensively mined, and crafted into jewelry and ornamental items. This stone was considered a national treasure, symbolizing victory and protection. Persian turquoise was often set in gold, and used to decorate daggers, horse bridles and turbans.

5. Chinese Culture

In ancient China, turquoise figured in various art forms, including carvings  and jewelry. The stone often figured in funerary artifacts, possibly to protect the deceased in the afterlife.

6. Tibetan Culture

In Tibet, turquoise is a sacred stone, often used in religious rituals and prayer beads. Believed to promote spiritual growth and protection, this gem is commonly worn by monks and laypeople alike.

Metaphysical Properties of December Birthstone Turquoise

Turquoise is popular not only for its beauty but also for its symbolic and metaphysical attributes.

1. Protection

Turquoise is widely regarded as a protective stone. Many cultures believe that turquoise can ward off negative energies, evil spirits and physical harm. The stone accordingly often appeared in amulets and talismans to safeguard the wearer.

2. Healing

Turquoise is believed to possess strong healing properties. The stone supports the immune system, alleviate pain and helps in the recovery from physical ailments. Turquoise is also associated with detoxification and the promotion of overall well-being.

3. Calmness and Tranquility

Known for its soothing energy, turquoise brings peace and tranquility to the mind and body. The stone reduces stress, anxiety and depression, thus promoting a sense of calm and emotional balance.

4. Communication and Expression

Turquoise enhances communication skills. The stone aids in expressing thoughts and feelings clearly and honestly, thus fostering open and effective communication.

5. Spiritual Growth and Intuition

Turquoise often bears association with spiritual growth and heightened intuition. The stone deepens meditation, enhances spiritual awareness, and connects the wearer to higher realms of consciousness.

6. Good Fortune and Success

Many cultures see turquoise as a symbol of good luck and prosperity. The stone attracts positive energy, success and abundance, making turquoise a popular stone for those seeking to improve their fortune.

7. Love and Friendship

Turquoise is a stone of friendship and love. The stone fosters empathy, compassion and understanding in relationships, thus strengthening bonds and promoting harmony.

December Birthstone Color

What is December birthstone color?

As exemplified by turquoise, the December birthstone color consists in a distinctive blue hue, which in turquoise ranges from sky blue to greenish blue. The most prized hue is a vibrant, robin’s-egg blue, also known as  ‘Persian blue,’ so called after the ancient source of the finest turquoise. This specific shade exhibits a vivid, pure blue without any green overtones. The intense blue color of high-quality turquoise set the oldest standard for the December birthstone color.

Modern Uses of December Birthstone Turquoise

In modern times, turquoise continues to be a popular choice for a variety of jewelry and decorative applications.

1. Jewelry

Turquoise widely appears in rings, necklaces, bracelets and earrings. Its vibrant color makes the stone a standout choice for both casual and high-end jewelry. Turquoise is often set in silver, gold and other metals, and is particularly popular in Native American jewelry.

2. Fashion Accessories

Turquoise also figures in various fashion accessories, including belt buckles, hairpins and cufflinks. The stone adds a touch of color to everyday items.

3. Decorative Items

Beyond jewelry, turquoise appears in decorative objects, such as vases, figurines and mosaics. The stone is also employed in home decor, including inlaid furniture and decorative tiles.

Sources of December Birthstone Turquoise

Turquoise occurs in several notable deposits, each producing varieties with distinct characteristics.

1. Iran

One of the most famous sources of turquoise is Iran, particularly from its Nishapur district. Considered highest in quality, Persian turquoise is renowned for its vibrant, robin’s-egg-blue color, with minimal veining. This variety has been prized for thousands of years, and continues to be highly sought after.

2. United States

The southwestern United States is a significant source of turquoise.

Nevada

Known for its diverse turquoise mines — such as the Royston and Blue Gem – Nevada produces stones with varying shades of blue and green, often with intricate matrix patterns.

Arizona

The state of Arizona is home to several famous mines, including the Sleeping Beauty mine – known for its clear, sky-blue turquoise – and the Kingman mine, which produces a range of colors from blue to green, with distinctive veining.

New Mexico

Producing turquoise in a range of blue and green hues, the Cerrillos mine is one of the oldest and most historically significant turquoise mines in the United States.

3. Egypt

Ancient turquoise mines in the Sinai Peninsula have been exploited since antiquity, and had produced turquoise for the use of the pharaohs. These mines are among the oldest known sources of turquoise.

4. Tibet

Often used in traditional Tibetan jewelry and religious artifacts, Tibetan turquoise exhibits deep greenish-blue color. The stone is considered sacred, and is believed to possess strong protective and healing properties.

5. China

In recent decades, China has become a major producer of turquoise, with significant deposits in the Hubei province. Known for its greenish-blue colors and intricate webbing patterns, Chinese turquoise has gained popularity due to its accessibility.

6. Mexico

Mexican turquoise, particularly from the state of Sonora, is known for its vibrant greenish-blue colors and distinct matrix patterns. The stone often appeared in Native American jewelry.

Care and Maintenance of December Birthstone Turquoise

Due to its relatively soft and porous nature, caring for December birthstone turquoise involves understanding its specific needs. By following these tips, one can maintain the beauty and longevity of their turquoise jewelry.

1. Avoid Exposure to Chemicals

Its porous nature makes turquoise susceptible to damage from chemicals. Thus, keep turquoise away from household cleaners, cosmetics, perfumes and hair products, as these can harm the stone’s surface and alter its color. Remove turquoise jewelry before applying any of these substances.

2. Protect from Heat and Sunlight

Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or high temperatures can cause turquoise to discolor or become brittle. Thus, when not in use, store turquoise jewelry in a cool dark place.

3. Clean Gently

Clean turquoise using a soft, damp cloth. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners, steamers or harsh chemicals. If necessary, use mild soap, but rinse thoroughly with water and dry immediately with a soft cloth.

4. Protect from Impact

Turquoise is relatively soft, and can easily suffer scratches or damage. It’s best to avoid impacts or abrasions by handling this stone with care.

5. Store Carefully

To prevent scratches, store turquoise jewelry separately from harder gemstones and metals. Use a soft pouch or lined jewelry box to keep your turquoise protected.

6. Avoid Water

Turquoise is porous and can absorb water, which could lead to damage. Hence, remove turquoise jewelry before swimming, bathing or engaging in activities where the stone might get wet for an extended period.

7. Check Settings Regularly

Ensure that the settings holding your turquoise in place are secure. Loose settings can result in lost or damaged stones.

8. Limit Prolonged Wear

Though turquoise is beautiful, prolonged wearing of this stone should be limited. This reduces exposure to environmental factors that can otherwise damage turquoise.

9. Professional Maintenance

Periodically have your turquoise jewelry checked and cleaned by a professional jeweler, especially if the stone appears dull or has suffered any damage.

The Beauty of December Birthstone Turquoise

December birthstone turquoise is famousfor its striking sky-blue to greenish-blue hues. Cherished for millennia across various cultures, turquoise remains a popular choice in contemporary fashion. Experience the timeless allure of this December birthstone by adding its captivating blue hues to your jewelry collection.

Do you like the December birthstone? Share this article with your friends and let them discover the beauty of turquoise.